Role of the gut-brain axis in HIV and drug abuse-mediated neuroinflammation

Drug abuse and related disorders are a global public health crisis affecting millions, but to date, limited treatment options available. Abused drugs include not opioids, cocaine, nicotine, methamphetamine, alcohol. human immunodeficiency virus-1/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV-1/AIDS) inextricably linked. Extensive research has been done understand the effect of prolonged drug use on neuronal signaling networks gut microbiota. Recently, there rising interest in exploring interactions between central nervous system microbiome. This review summarizes existing that points toward potential role microbiome pathogenesis HIV-1-linked subsequent neuroinflammation neurodegenerative disorders. Preclinical data about dysbiosis as consequence context HIV-1 discussed detail, along with its implications various Understanding this interplay will help elucidate etiology progression abuse-induced consequently be beneficial developing possible interventions therapeutic for these abuse-related